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How many cities have renamed Columbus Day and/or adopted Indigenous Peoples' Day?

Last updated March 22, 2023
• Approximate cities: 177
• Approximate schools: 48
• Approximate counties: 9
• Approximate states: 15
• Approximate states not observing Columbus Day: 27
Indigenous Peoples' Day was first proposed in 1977 by a delegation of Indigenous Nations to the United Nations-sponsored International Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas. Twenty-five years later, the first cities began to understand the importance of renaming Columbus Day to Indigenous Peoples' Day. Since then, over 200 cities, counties, school districts, universities, and even some entire states have joined them.

Which cities have renamed Columbus Day?

There are probably some cities, counties, and schools that we've missed here. If you're aware of any additions or corrections to the list below, please email us.

Which counties have renamed Columbus Day?

Which schools have renamed Columbus Day?

Which states have renamed Columbus Day?

How about your city, county, or school?

Are you ready to rename Columbus Day to Indigenous Peoples' Day in your city, county, or school? Awesome – you can do it! Please also share www.RenameColumbusDay.org with friends who you think might be willing to take action (even if that's just sending an email).

Additions or corrections?

There are likely cities, counties, and schools that have adopted Indigenous Peoples' Day that we're not aware of. If you know of any additions or corrections to the list above, please email us.

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A "resolution" (or ordinance/code) typically indicates permanent policy change, whereas a "proclamation" is a ceremonial document issued yearly. Therefore, getting a Resolution passed in your city/school is the priority (whether proclamations are issued yearly or not).

A few other things to keep in mind:

1. Because the actual date of the holiday changes yearly, your city's Resolution should include language specifying that "Indigenous Peoples' Day shall be the second Monday in October of every year" or "[Our city] shall recognize every second Monday of October as Indigenous Peoples' Day" or similar. The Resolution should not specify an exact date in October.

2. Any Resolution should also specify that such recognition is "instead of" or "as a replacement for" any official recognition of Columbus Day by your city. Without that or similar language, the question may later arise as to whether Columbus Day remains on city calendars/communications. Given what Christopher Columbus is now known to represent, the removal of Columbus Day is just as important as the adoption of Indigenous Peoples' Day. Listen to: Reno | Austin

3. It's up to your city as to whether or not your Resolution makes other mentions of Christopher Columbus and/or Columbus Day. Some cities choose to sanitize their document of "negativity" for the sake of not offending any members of the current generation who still associate the day with Italian heritage. Other cities put more weight on the importance of explaining the reason for this change, especially for the sake of future generations. Listen to: Dallas 1 | Dallas 2
Geneva, Switzerland, September, 1977: Indigenous American delegates entering the United Nations-sponsored Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas. The conference's Final Resolution called for the day of the so-called "discovery" of America to be observed as an International Day of Solidarity with the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas.
UN delegation of Indigenous Americans
Image source: TheConversation.com via Wikimedia Commons
Some people will suggest renaming Columbus Day to "Native American day" which initially sounds good because we're still accustomed to that term.

However, don't do it:

1. "Indigenous Peoples' Day" aligns with a 1977 proposal by a delegation of Indigenous Nations to the United Nations-sponsored International Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas, and with Resolution #11-57 of the Affiliated Tribes of Northwest Indians, representing 59 Tribes, to "Support to Change Columbus Day (2nd Monday of October) to Indigenous Peoples' Day."

2. "Indigenous Peoples' Day" also aligns with what 100+ other cities/states/universities have already done. Remaining consistent will make for a more efficient transition when this rename goes to the federal level.

3. Indigenous people lived on this continent long before it was called "America" by Europeans, so there's inherent conflict in the term "Native American".

4. The word "native" is often used to mean simply "born in a place" (e.g. everyone born in Colorado can say they're a Colorado native). There's no such confusion with the word Indigenous.

*In the early days of renaming Columbus Day, some cities adopted names that honored their region's Indigenous tribe. However, for reasons #1 and 2 above, this is no longer recommended.
Establishing an "Italian Heritage Day" on the second Monday of October would be like establishing a German Heritage Day on the day Hitler invaded Poland or started exterminating Jews.

Fixing a mistake with another mistake is not a solution. And it would remain offensive to many on both sides.

While establishing an Italian Heritage Day is a great idea, it must not be on the second Monday of October. That day is Indigenous People's day.

Also, deviating at all from a straight rename would conflict with the 1977 UN Proposal and set a flawed example for other cities.
While any decision about an Italian Heritage Day should be made by Italian Americans, there are definitely many Italians more worthy of celebration than Columbus. Here are a few names you may recognize:

1) Galileo Galilei: Risked a prison sentence in order to give the world the scientific truth that the Earth revolves around the sun. Note that Galileo's birthday is February 15, the day after Valentine's Day. And Saint Valentine was from Rome, the capital of Italy. How about an Italian heritage week? Isn't Italian culture more appropriately associated with love and knowledge, than greed and genocide?

2) Amerigo Vespucci: Our entire country and continent are actually already named after this Italian (some would consider that an honor already). Amerigo was the first European to understand (unlike Columbus) that North and South America were actual continents, and not part of Asia/India.

What? Galileo and Vespucci weren't Americans? Neither was Columbus. Columbus was a pillager of America.

3) Antonio Santi Giuseppe Meucci: Italian immigrant (lived in New York) now recognized as the true inventor of the telephone. It wasn't Alexander Graham Bell (nor Steve Jobs, as some today believe).

4) Again, we do already have Valentine's Day on February 14, and Saint Valentine was Italian. And again, Galileo Galilei (the Italian father of modern science who risked a prison sentence to give the world scientific truth) has a birthday on February 15th. Please see #1 above.
 
"Indigenous People should get their own day"

That's getting it backwards. Given what we now know, Columbus's 1492 landing in the Bahamas has almost nothing to do with Italian-American history. And saying that "Indigenous People deserve to have their own day" is manipulative.

Given what we now know, Columbus's 1492 landing instead has everything to do with Native American history. It was an event that has rippled through Native American lives in devastating ways for centuries.

In short, the second Monday in October has always been Indigenous Peoples' Day. Those who have suffered genocide, mass exploitation, mass rape, and oppression for centuries since Columbus's landing are the ones for whom this day has true significance.

We all understand that Italian Americans suffered discrimination during a brief period of American history, and that celebrating Columbus Day temporarily provided benefit in reducing that discrimination, which is great. But discrimination against Italians is no longer a significant issue in America, and any additional benefit from Columbus Day, along with Columbus's myth, is now gone. So it's time to give the day back to those to whom it belongs. Doing so can be an honor.
The group "Italian Americans for Indigenous Peoples Day" (website at ItaliansForIPD.org) is just one example of an increasing sentiment among the Italian American community.

From their Statements:
"Some Italian Americans assert that Columbus Day is at its core a celebration of our heritage... We believe that any association with Christopher Columbus diminishes our culture and does not honor the struggles of our ancestors, who were victimized for their ethnicity... [A] holiday that celebrates the resilience of Indigenous peoples is far more truthful and uplifting than one that honors a man whose legacy is characterized by conquest, slavery, and genocide. By championing Indigenous Peoples Day, we celebrate the diverse histories and cultures of this land's First Peoples and their many contributions... We also honor our own ancestors who persevered in this country while enduring discrimination and violence, and we follow the example of the many Italian Americans who fought and continue to fight for civil and human rights for all."

Watch this short video

So when an Italian American speaks against Indigenous Peoples Day, or in favor of clinging to Christopher Columbus's myth, please remember that they are not speaking for all Italian Americans. Yes, Columbus Day did serve a valuable purpose for past generations of Italian Americans. But with what's now known about that day, it's not going to do anything for future generations. The day of Columbus's landing is now known to have always belonged to Native Americans. And giving it back to them can be an honor.

Columbus was lost
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Full council discussion is below clips
[Austin]  Mayor: this resolution is in the spirit of inclusion. Indigenous were first conservators of our land. [Austin]  Why voting to replace Columbus Day [Austin]  Why replacing Columbus Day [Austin]  Columbus Day will be replaced on calendar. [Austin]  Why bother with cities [Baltimore]  Mayor's introduction [Baltimore]  Italian American: no single Italian speaks for all Italians. [Baltimore]  Native American: there have been traumatic events. [Baltimore]  Lumbee Tribe member: Columbus is not worthy of a day acknowledged by the city. [Baltimore]  Mayor: Columbus is conflated with Italian heritage. [Baltimore]  Italian American Councilor on the Knights of Columbus. [Baltimore]  Columbus Day was about attaining white status. [Baltimore]  Cherokee: It hurts us to hear about Columbus. If it's really not about him, there shouldn't be any problem with another day. [Baltimore]  Baltimore Italian for Indigenous Peoples' Day [Baltimore]  Why not have an Italian Heritage Day on Columbus Day. [Baltimore]  Jewish American: our/Italian experience in America pales in comparison to Native Americans. [Baltimore]  Italian American: there's a difference between Italian experience and genocide/slavery. [Boston]  Mayor reads land acknowledgment and proclamation. [Boston]  Mayor: we can respect Italian Americans [Cambridge]  Vice Mayor: I do not want Columbus representing my culture. [Cambridge]  Councilor with Italian and Native heritage [Cambridge]  Mayor reads resolution [Cambridge]  Member of UAINE talks about erasure of Indigenous history. [Cambridge]  I am not here to denigrate Italian Americans. We are forced to beg for recognition. I was called savage. [Cambridge]  Letter from Mayan [Cambridge]  Reading of the resolved clause [Cambridge]  Irish American Councilor: Indigenous people supplied us with food when others wouldn't. [Cambridge]  Standing against Columbus Day is not against Italians. [Cambridge]  Half Italian: I don't want Columbus to be face of Italian heritage. I can't think of a worse possible person to be the face of Italian heritage. [Cambridge]  Reverend: we must own our past in order to have reconciliation. [Cambridge]  Lakota talks about what IPD is. Celebrating Columbus does harm. [Cambridge]  Climate change: Do we have something to learn from Indigenous cultures? [Cambridge]  Councilor: this is soul searching [Cambridge]  Italian American Councilor [Cincinnati]  It's strength to revisit our history [Cincinnati]  Calling it Columbus Day was wrong. [Cincinnati]  I don't think Columbus is a good representation. [Cincinnati]  My thought was to oppose this resolution. [Cincinnati]  History does not change, interpretation does. [Colorado Springs]  City changes proclamation to resolution. Mentions land acknowledgment. [Colorado Springs]  Indigenous archaeologist: Native people are not just in the past. [Colorado Springs]  President of City Council reads the resolution. [Colorado Springs]  We all (Indigenous and immigrants) share love for where we live. [Colorado Springs]  America is ancient. Indigenous showed how to care for this land. Glad we moved to resolution. [Colorado Springs]  Indigenous were stewards of this land. [Dallas]  Columbus Day is celebrating genocide. This is opportunity to promote tolerance and friendship. [Dallas]  This is now your history too. [Dallas]  In college I learned my real history [Dallas]  Native American Business Association [Dallas]  We had been almost wiped out. Our history is still here. It's important students know this. [Dallas]  Why doing resolution rather than proclamation [Dallas]  Former HS teacher: this lack of knowledge of what our history really looks like. [Dallas]  Councilor / former educator: there' s much more American history that needs to be told. [Dallas]  Someone wants to remove negative Columbus wording. I will not support. [Dallas]  Be an upstander [Dallas]  There is no progress without struggle. [Dallas]  Why Columbus must be mentioned on IPD resolution. [Dallas]  Hard conversations must be had [Dallas]  Wording of resolution is adjusted to "instead of Columbus Day" [Denver]  Benefits of Indigenous Peoples Day [Denver]  Our history books begin with settlers. That's not truth. [Denver]  Sponsoring Councilor introduces ordinance. [Eugene]  One of our responsibilities is to oppose racism. [Eugene]  I'm glad to see true heroes being recognized. [Eugene]  Young person: I was taught that Indians are dead. We're still here. [Eugene]  It's counter-intuitive to glorify a serial rapist and murderer, and passivity is dangerous. [Eugene]  Young person: in public schools, we're only spoken of in the past tense. [Eugene]  Young person: people would rather kill their children/families than be enslaved by Columbus. [Eugene]  Young person: I was call prairie n***er. [Eugene]  Schools are structured to produce ignorance about Indigenous people... with things like Columbus Day. [Eugene]  We must face the truth of what Columbus did... our history. [Eugene]  I now know that I grew up on native lands. [Eugene]  Palestinian advocate: human rights are for all people. [Eugene]  I grew up with this idea that we didn't exist until Columbus found us. [Eugene]  Human rights commission: it's important our values be reflected in our actions. [Flagstaff]  City Manager: Columbus did not discover anything. He unleashed genocide, slavery, etc. [Flagstaff]  It's a Holocaust. Compares two studies. [Flagstaff]  There are things this resolution does and doesn't do. [Flagstaff]  Why the declaration mentions Columbus Day. [Flagstaff]  Mayor: we must acknowledge what's here if we're to build anything that will last. [Houston]  Why it's the second Monday of October. [Houston]  We must lift up history of Indigenous and celebrate our roots. [Houston]  I never thought about this as Italian American Day. [Houston]  I'm voting to replace [Houston]  My husband is Italian American... [Houston]  FDR enacted Columbus Day to get votes. [Houston]  This is a step toward accuracy and inclusivity. [Kansas City]  Quick pass. No discussion. [Los Angeles]  UCLA Director of American Indian Studies [Los Angeles]  I didn't come from somewhere else. Italian contribution needs to be acknowledged. [Los Angeles]  Don't choose a different day [Los Angeles]  A true and accurate account is necessary. [Los Angeles]  We've been erased [Los Angeles]  Professor of History: Columbus's long, dark shadow reached us. [Los Angeles]  On Columbus Day my son came home from school and said: I'm not Indian. [Los Angeles]  Mental health therapist [Los Angeles]  Chair of American Indian Studies at UCLA [Los Angeles]  Councilmember: the historical record is unambiguous. [Los Angeles]  Italian American on divisiveness and unfairness. [Los Angeles]  Being Native American is one of the most culturally isolating experiences there is. [Madison]  Just a reading of resolution [Madison]  I'm glad city has recognized that we're still here/alive. [Madison]  Full Mayan: we struggle keeping native culture. Environmental insight. [Minneapolis]  Reading of resolution [Minneapolis]  I want my son and daughter to feel safe and respected. [Minneapolis]  Today is a good day. Usually we're outside. [Minneapolis]  This is a piece of a larger healing that must take place. [Minneapolis]  This is not federal, but as a city we can decide how we communicate. [Minneapolis]  Mayor reads letter from first Native American elected to City Council. [Phoenix]  This sends a message that we value Native American heritage and culture. [Phoenix]  This costs nothing, but it is priceless. [Phoenix]  Navajo: this helps overcome what was expected of us by the government. [Phoenix]  ASU Student talks about invisibility. [Phoenix]  These are real wounds. We have a long history of celebrating genocide in disguise. [Phoenix]  This brings us back to an appreciation of who our fellow citizens are... that enabled us to be who we are. [Phoenix]  Vice Mayor: our identity is inextricably linked to our Tribal communities. [Phoenix]  Councilor: look at our water systems, our architecture, you see Native American contributions. [Phoenix]  Councilor: this is 100% positive. This is American history. [Phoenix]  Councilman: I know how hard it is feeling less than. [Phoenix]  Mayor: We should do all we can to celebrate Indigenous Peoples' Day. [Portland]  Mayor: history has power over us. Remembering is important. [Portland]  Care for the welfare of the whole people. Have always in view the coming generations. [Portland]  The government said we're not Indians anymore. [Portland]  This represents that there is a change in the hearts of people. [Portland]  Nez Perce: wherever you are, Indians have been. [Portland]  Our cultural foundation is often overshadowed by Columbus. [Portland]  I look forward to my children no longer celebrating a man who caused us pain. [Portland]  We would not be in this environmental fix. [Portland]  Director of Office of Equity and Human Rights [Portland]  Native American: we were taught to praise Columbus. [Portland]  I carried the hurt with me. Signs said no dogs or Indians. [Portland]  We need to fill the empty feeling. [Portland]  Councilman: we don't celebrate Ted Bundy, why celebrate Columbus. [Portland]  Councilwoman: we have a new history, of honoring Native Peoples. [Portland]  Councilman: this is one small way of making amends. Living lightly is sustainability. [Princeton]  Introduction to resolution.. we customized another city's [but they made a mistake] [Princeton]  The heart of this resolution is education... helping us understand genocide and cultural suppression. [Reno]  Why removing Columbus Day [San Francisco]  Councilor: I'd like to support follow-up legislation to honor Italian Americans. [San Francisco]  Councilor: correcting our history is overdue. [San Luis Obispo]  Reading of proclamation [San Luis Obispo]  Tribal Chair: understand the deep and ancient history of this region. [Seattle]  Council introduction: we've let down the First Peoples. [Seattle]  Italian American Councilmember: The more I learn of Columbus, the less enamored I am. [Seattle]  Indian (India) Councilmember: This is more than name change. It's a step to fight discrimination. [Seattle]  Columbus was not the hero we were taught to believe. [Seattle]  We stand fully behind this resolution. [Seattle]  University of Washington grad: we all need to validate our own histories. [Seattle]  Navajo: I share pain of whole story not being told. [Seattle]  Co-chair of Human Rights Commission [Seattle]  Día de la Raza. In Latin America, Columbus is not honored. Teach children correct history. [Tahoe]  Public comment: It's called progress. [Tahoe]  It's worth celebrating the people who got punished for our landing here. [Tahoe]  This is not against anyone, it's for everyone. [Tahoe]  Councilman: We're not changing history. [Tahoe]  Another Councilman: We're learning from history. [Spokane]  Introduction by woman who proposed the rename in Spokane. [Spokane]  Church minister: the most important thing to do for those treated unjustly is treat them justly. [Spokane]  Columbus's behavior was unacceptable then. [Spokane]  To this day, what happened 500 years ago is impacting my family. [Spokane]  Young person: I was taught Columbus was a savior. [Spokane]  For my entire life I had to deal with racism. Indigenous Peoples Day is picking up... [Spokane]  We'd root for John Wayne. What twists a child's mind? We're asking for truth. [Spokane]  Chair of Human Rights Commission: This is more than just a name change. It's taking a stand. [Spokane]  Nez Perce attorney: be on the right side of history. [Spokane]  Why choose a shameful figure as an icon? [Spokane]  Our grandparents compromised to the point we're living on a reservation. Please don't compromise. [Spokane]  Columbus enslaved by ancestors. Who'd want to celebrate that? We're still here. That's to celebrate. [Spokane]  Columbus represents violence. [Spokane]  Person of Jewish ancestry: Holocaust is what happened here. [Spokane]  The more I learn of Columbus, the more grateful I am for Indigenous Peoples Day. [Spokane]  All these people are your family. Treat everyone with respect. Columbus Day is hurt. [Spokane]  Italian American supporting Indigenous Day. Mentions technologies. [Spokane]  Columbus came to make money with violence. We should not celebrate that. [Spokane]  We are all human beings on this planet. Not separate. One voice. [Spokane]  The belief Columbus was a hero has a lot of darkness to it. We must shake it, move toward healing. [Spokane]  Truth and reconciliation is the basis of (healing) broken relationships. [Spokane]  Columbus's legacy still ripples across our lives in devastating ways. [Spokane]  We Mayans never believed the world was flat. Columbus committed genocide. Choose your own day. [Spokane]  Being lied to makes me angry. There is no more glaring distortion in history than Columbus. [Spokane]  Teachers take a queue from government leaders. [Spokane]  Son was reprimanded on Columbus Day: I don't want my children oppressed anymore. [Spokane]  Columbus is distorted history. Let truth come out. [Spokane]  Italians deserve so much more. [Spokane]  Young person: I knew I was treated differently as (an Indian) girl. [Spokane]  My mom would take the history books and correct the miswritings on our people. [Spokane]  We're behind. Seattle did this, and it was positive. [Spokane]  Councilwoman: we should honor Indigenous on 2nd Monday in October. [Spokane]  Councilwoman talks about her Indigenous grandparents. They didn't matter. I would tell friends of visits. [Spokane]  I don't have the solution. This is for people who struggled hundreds of years. [Spokane]  Councilwoman talks about renaming Canada Island. Canada was honored. [Spokane]  I'm confident my Italian grandfather would be proud. [Spokane]  Mayor: We're not erasing Columbus, we're just not honoring him. [Tacoma]  We do this so our children can understand who they are. [Tacoma]  We are recognizing the things Indigenous People have gone through. [Tacoma]  I was told to go back to res. [Tacoma]  Councilman: grandson of first generation Italian American [Tacoma]  Councilwoman: Recognition, Respect, Reconciliation [Tacoma]  Mayor thanks school for their petition. [Washington DC]  Councilmember's introduction to emergency resolution. It's an accident of history to honor Columbus. [Washington DC]  This should not be viewed as insulting to Italian Americans. [Washington DC]  Italian American Councilmember
Watch full Austin video:  Click on "Item 32" Watch full Baltimore video:  Entire hour is discussion about Indigenous Peoples Day. Watch full Boston video:  Proclamation only Watch full Cambridge video #1:  Minute 1:34 to 1:47 | Or click Item VII #17 | Policy Order and Resolution List #17. Also contains PDF comments under "Communications." Watch full Cambridge video #2:  Video from Neighborhood & Long Term Planning, Public Facilities, Arts & Celebration Committee, Contains testimony on Indigenous Peoples Day from multiple speakers. Watch full Cincinnati video:  Minute 5 to 18 Watch full Colorado Springs video:  Minute 20 to 41 Watch full Dallas video #1:  See Agenda Item 35. Watch full Dallas video #2:  See Agenda Item 35. Watch full Davis video:  Ceremony only. Minute 1 to 6. Watch full Denver video:  See all video links at bottom of page. 9/14 is 0m-27m. 10/3 starts at 49m:30s. Note that CO was the first states to adopt Columbus Day, and Denver one of the first cities to rename it. Watch full Eugene video:  Public comment starts at minute 4, council discussion is 1:23 to end. Watch full Flagstaff video:  Click item 13C. Minute 0 to 35. Watch full Houston video:  Minute 3 to 39. Watch full Kansas City video:  Minute 8:30 to 12 Watch full Los Angeles video:  Pro-CD is at 1:11:22. Pro-IPD is at 1:31:28. Council discussion is at 1:48:50 Watch full Madison video:  Minute 1 to 10 Watch full Minneapolis video:  Minute 1 to 32 Watch full Phoenix video:  Minute 33 to 1:20 Watch full Portland video:  Minute 21 to 1:20 Watch full Princeton video:  Minute 47 to 55. Princeton doesn't mention Columbus Day, which is a mistake. Watch full Reno video:  Click item B 21 (or find "8726"). Notes the importance of removing Columbus Day. Watch full San Francisco video:  Board of Supervisors, Minute 14 to 19 Watch full San Luis Obispo video:  Minute 8 to 17. Just a proclamation. Watch full Seattle video:  Council discussion is at minute 2 to 15, and public comments are at minute 18 to 42 Watch full South Lake Tahoe video:  Minute 4:03:00 to 4:23 Watch full Spokane video:  Minute 15 to 2:48. Council discussion starts at 2:26 Watch full Washington DC video:  See 2:28:27 to 2:35:53
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